Electromechanical warp stop-motion for looms.



J. F. DUSTIN.

ELEGTROMEGHANIGAL WARP STOP MOTION FOR LOOMS. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2, 1911. RENEWED SEPT 18, 1913. 1,079,116. Patented N0v.18, 1913.

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J. P. DUSTIN.

ELECTROMECHANIUAL WARP STOP MOTION FOR LOOMS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.2,1911. RENEWED SBPT.18,1D13.

1,079,1 16. Patented NOV.18, 1913.

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cow/nun PLANOGRAPH COUWASHINUTON. [L c ran STATES FATE, 1 OFFICE.

JOHN F. DUSTIN, OF FULTON, NEW YORK.

ELECTROMECHANICAL WAR]? STOP-MOTION FOR LOOMS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed February 2, 1911, Serial No. 606,105. Renewed September 18, 1913.

atented Nov. 18, 1913.

Serial No. 790,570.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN F. DUSTIN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Fulton, county of Oswcgo, State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Electromechanical WVarp Stop-Motions for Looms, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawing, is a specification, like characters on the drawing representing like parts.

This invention has for its object the production of a novel electro-mechanical warp stop-motion for looms so constructed and arranged that upon failure of a warp thread the loom will be stopped automatically, and herein the harnesses may comprise heddles which also serve as stop-motion controlling detectors, such heddles in themselves involv ing novel features of construction and op eration, or the detectors may be mounted independently of the harnesses.

In the principal embodiment of my present invention the controlling-circuit is rendored operative to cause loom stoppage by or through a released detector-heddle in a harness when the latter is down.

Certain features of construction herein are like or very similar to parts of the warp stop-motion forming the subject-matter of United States Patent No. 974,557 granted to me November 1, 1910, to which reference may be had.

The novel features of my present invention will be fully described in the subjoined specification and particularly pointed out in the following claims.

Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view of a suflicient portion of a loom, showing a four-harness set, and various parts of the stop-motion embodying my invention and which are adjacent or mounted upon the left-hand side of the loom frame are illus trated, the loom being shown in running condition and with the lay just past back center; Fig. 2 is a detail view of the electromagnet, :its armature and various adjuncts in the position assumed by or through the forward beat of the lay, and I have also shown diagrammatically certain points in the path of the crankshaft, to be referred to hereinafter; Fig. 3 is a front elevation, centrally broken out, of the harnesses and the means for including in the controllingcircuit the two circuitterminals on each harness when the latter is depressed Fig. l

is an enlarged front elevation of the righthand side of a harness and several of its heddles embodying novel structural features; Fig, 5 is an enlarged vertical section through the set of harnesses on the line 5-5, Fig. at, looking toward the left; Fig. 6 is a greatly enlarged side elevation of the upper end of a detcctor-heddlc made in accordance with my present invention; Fig. 7 is a transverse section thereof on the line 7-7, Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a top plan View of the stationary terminals of the controlling-circuit shown at the right of the harnesses in Fig. 3; Fig. 9 is a partly diagrammatic View showing the arrangement when the detectors are mounted independently of the harnesses.

The loom frame A, breast beam B, shipper C, lay D mounted on lay-swords, as E, the lay crank-shaft F and pitman Gr connecting each crank F" with a lay-sword, and the loom arch I, may be and are all of usual or well known construction.

I have illustrated a four harness set, but as the harness actuating mechanism forms no part of my invention and can be of any desired construction it is herein omitted altogether.

Il'crein each harness comprises a rectangular frame I-I preferably made of wood, and provided near its top and bottom, respectively, with transverse metallic terminals 1, 2, preferably (lat bars set on edge and rounded at their upper and lower edges, as shown in Fig. 5, the terminal 1 being connected at the right hand side of the frame with a metal plate 53 having an upturned and outwardly bent resilient contact finger 4, as shown clearly in Figs. 3 and at, the finger extending above the top of the frame. At the left-hand side of each frame I provide a similar contact finger 5, forming a continuation of the upper end of a metal plate 6 mounted on the side of the fame and electrically connected with the lower terminal 2 in any suitable manner.

Herein I have shown an end of each terminal reduced, as at 7, and S, to pass through the adjacent frame side, said reduced parts being threaded to receive nuts, as 9, 10 by which the terminals and the side plates are electrically connected. Thus while each terminal has a connected contact linger the terminals normally are disconnected electrically, and as shown in F 3 the two contact fingers are upturned above the frame H at opposite sides thereof, thereby differing from my patented structure. The heddles,

- lower slots 13.

which also serve as controlling detectors, are made of thin sheet metal, each heddle 11 having elongated upper and lower slots 12, 13 for thereception of the terminals 1, 2, as shown clearly in Fig. 5, and a warp-eye 141. The upper slots 12 are parallel-sided and round-ended, but in accordance with my present invention the side walls are insulated from the body of the heddle in any suitable manner, and I have found a very efficient way to effect the desired result is to clamp upon the heddle body at each side of the slot, a U-shaped metal facing 15,.between which and the heddle itself I interpose a sheet of insulating material 16, see Fig. 7, such as paper or other suitable material.

Remembering that the terminal 1 extended through the slot is metallic it will be apparent that under ordinary circumstances it will contact with one or the other of the facings 15, but as the latter are insulated from the heddle there cannot be any electrical connection between the heddle and said terminal except when the latter engages the upper end of the slot 12, as shown in Fig. 5 at the extreme left, (where the heddle is shown in abnormal position due to failure of its warp thread 411,) or when a harness is lifted, as shown by the second and fourth harnesses.

WVhen a harness is lifted the upper terminal-l engages the upper ends of the slots 12 and lifts the heddles, the second and fourth harnesses being shown as lifted in Fig. 5, and the lower terminal 2 will also contact with one or the other side of the importance when the harness is lifted, is insured by contacting the upper end of each slot 13, such contraction being efi'ected by making opposite and inwardly extended convex cam portions 16*, the space between them being just wide enough to receive the terminal 2 easily but without a tight fit.

-VVhen a harness is fully depressed, the warp threads being intact, the terminal 2 I engages the bottoms of the heddle slots 13,

as shown for the third harness, Fig. 5, and if a warp thread fails the released heddle will drop into the position shown in Fig. 5, as in the first harness, when the latter is all ;the way down.

Such contact while of no is true that said terminals are similarly con nected when a harness is lifted, but at that time the terminals are not in the controlling-circuit, as the fingers 4 and 5 are inoperative, as will be explained.

The terminals 1 and 2 are disconnected from the controlling-circuit automatically as a harness begins to rise from its "lowest position, and by reference to the third harness, Fig. 5, it will be seen that the insulated facings 15 prevent electrical contact between the heddle and the terminal 1, the warp threads being intact, until the harness rises far enough to bring said terminal against the upper ends of the slots 12, and before this occurs the terminals are disconnected from the controlling-circuit.

Upon the arch I at the right I mount a bracket 17, Figs. 3 and 8, which carries contact disks 17 insulated from each other and arranged to be wiped over by the contact fingers 1 of depressed harnesses to close the circuit at such point, asin my patent,

wires 18 leading from the disks 17 to the Ywire 19 of themain or controlling circuit, connected with a suitable source of electrlc energy, as a battery J, Fig. 8 The other pole of the battery wire 20 leads tothe loom preferably as a spring finger, being mounted on the loom side A but insulated therefrom,

as in Fig. 1.

The member 22 forms part of a trans mitter 24 mounted on the loom frame to be movable longitudinally, the front end of the transmitter being pivotally connected with a tripping lever 25 fulcrnmed on the loom frame and adapted to trip or operate the knockoff lever 21 and effect shipper release when the transmitter 24 is moved rearward. QBearings 243 support the transmitter and permit sliding movement thereof when necessary. The fixed contact member 23 1s connected by wire 26 with the coils of an elec tro-magnet K supported on an insulated bracket 27 attached to the loom side, and it will be noted that the controlling-circuit continues from the magnet by wire 28 to abracket 29 mounted on and insulated from the arch I at the left-hand side of the loom. The side arms of this bracket slidably sustain a U-shaped metal terminal 31 movable horizontally toward and from the paths of movement of the contact fingers 5 on the several harness frames, as in my patent,

except that herein the fingers 5 are at the tops of the frames, so that when the terminal 31 is extended the fingers 5 0f the harnesses which are depressed will contact therewith and thus will include the harness terside, thereby including the frame in the controlling-circuit. The circuit is continued through shipper C to-the knock-off lever 21 r and thence by intermediate parts to the movable member 22 of a circuit-closer, to be 1 again referred to, the fixed member 23, made minals 2 in the controlling-circuit at the same time that the terminals are included therein by contact of the fingers with the stationary terminals 17.

The terminal 31 is moved in and out by a toggle 32, 33, indicated only by dotted lines in Fig. 3, the said toggle being connected at its inner end with the terminal 31 and having a fixed fulcrum 30 at its outer end, as in my patent, the joint 3 1- of the toggle having connected with it a depending link 35 extended loosely through a guide bracket 86, the bent lower end of the link having on it a follower roll 37. In my patent the terminal 31 is retracted to inoperative position by breaking the toggle upwardly, but herein I draw down the link 35 to retract the terminal and operatively position it by a spring 38, Fig. 3, between the guide bracket 36 and a collar on the link, the upward movement of the link being limited by a stop pin 39 on the link under the bracket 36, as shown. Herein I control the operation of the terminal 31 by the adjacent lay pitman G, the follower 37 extending beneath it and cooperating with a cam plate 40 attached to it.

The instant a depressed harness begins to rise the terminal 31 must be retracted to throw the harness terminal 2 out of the controllingcircuit, as previously explained, and as the rise of a harness begins when the crank F is substantially at the point f, Fig. 2, it follows that the pitman G will be descending while it is moving forward, the descent acting to depress the follower 37 and retract the terminal 31 away from a finger 5 before the heddles ot the rising harness are picked up by the terminal 1 thereof. At its rear end the cam plate 40 is somewhat thickened, Fig. 1, in order to maintain the control over the follower 37 as long as is desirable, and thereafter as the pitman rises the spring 38 operates, returning the terminal 31 to operative position with relation to a descending harness starting downward when the crank was at f, Fig. 2. \Vhen the crank is at 7', just past front center, the terminal 31 will be in its extended or operative position, and so remains while the crank F is traveling from f to f, Fig. 2, so that after the finger 5 of a descending harness engages said terminal it will remain in contact therewith until the crank reaches the point 7". Hence, such a contact is always established to include the harness terminal 2 in the controlling-circuit in ample time should a dropped heddle call for the operation. of the stop-motion, and simultaneoijlsly the terminal 1 is included in such circuit engagement of its finger 4 with the stationary terminal 17.

I will now explain shipper release when required, and the manner in which such release is effected on the backward beat of the lay. Bracket 27 has fulcrumed thereon at 4-1 a metallic plate 4.2 constituting an armature for the magnet K, the armature being retracted by a spring 43, Figs. 1 and 2, a resilient, forwardly extended Presser-finger 14 being attached to the top of the armature near its rear end. Such presser-finger is ar ranged in the path of an actuator, herein shown as a roll 41-5 extended late ally from the adjacent lay-sword E, Fig. 1, said roll being indicated in two positions by full and dotted circles in Fig. 2. When the lay is at back center, corresponding to the crank position P, Fig. 2, the actuator 45 is in dotted line position in said figure and the armature is retracted by the spring 13, but as the lay swings forward said actuator engages the Presser-finger 4:4. and the armature is forced against the magnet poles, as shown in Fig. 2, and it is thereby held in such engagement until the crank F reaches substantially the point f on the backward beat of the lay. As will appear from Fig. 2 the armature is under the positive control of the actuator 45 from the point 7* to point f, and when the crank F reaches the latter point, behind top center, the spring 43 will retract the armature unless the magnet K is energized. Should the main or controlling-circuit be completed before the actuator releases the armature the magnet will be energized and the armature will then be maintained against the magnet, so that a link 46 e011 nected with said armature will. hold up the hooked rear end of a dog 41-7, (pivoted at $8 on the transmitter 24,) in the path of a hunter .1-9 carried by and extended laterally from the lay-sword. This buuter normally travels back and forth above the hooked end of the dog 4-7, the relative position of. the parts being such that the retraction of the armature lifts the link 41.6 and depresses the hooked end of the dog ust before the hunter .1-0 reaches the latter on the backward beat of the lay. \Vhen, however, the armature is held against the magnet K by energization of the latter the hunter engages the upheld hooked end of the dog and thereby moves the transmitter 21- to the right. Fig. 1, rocking levers 25, 21. and effecting shipper release, while the member 22 of the circuitcloser is moved away from the fixed member 23, thereby opening the controlling circuit when the loom is brought to rest.

Operative engagement of the dog and bunter is effected when the crank is about at the point and shipper-rel ase immediately follows, the full movement of the transmitter 24-. being con'ipleted when the lay is at back center, and as the circuit is broken at 22, 23 the spring 43 will depress the hooked end of the dog just as soon as the lay passes beyond back center.

If a warp thread breaks its hcddle is released and will drop so that the f-Cl'll'llllfll 1 contacts with the upper end of the slot 12 and the terminal 2 simultaneously engages the cam portions 16, either or both, of the lower slot 18, and the harness terminals are electrically connected by or through the released heddle, so that on the descent of the harness containing such heddle the fingers l and 5 will respectively engage the terminals 17 and 31 while the crank F" is moving between the points f and f Consequently the harness terminals will be included in the controlling-circuit and the latter will be completed to energize magnet K before the actuator 45 leaves the presser-fingers 441, and as the crank travels from f to F, Fig. 2, the dog 47 will be maintained in its operative position, to be engaged by the hunter 19.

The opening of the controlling-circuit at 22, 23 whenever the loom is stopped prevents waste of current, and the said circuit is closed automatically at such point merely by the movement of the shipper C to running position, the arrangement being similar to that shown in my patent for accomplishing similar results.

It will be seen that the magnet K has no function to perform other than to retain the armature retracted when the controlling-circuit is closed, as provided for in my said patent, but herein l have simplified the construction and have utilized one of the common moving parts of the loom to move the armature positively into engagement with the poles of the magnet. The armature is held against the magnet by the actuator 15 for not quite two-thirds of a revolution of the crank-shaft F, and armature release is in ample time to permit the hunter 49 and dog 47 to clear each other when the warp threads are intact. For many reasons it is desirable to release the shipper on the backward beat of the lay, as herein provided, and the moving lay-sword provides a very efficient support and operating member for the hunter 19.

By making the heddles as herein described, with the sides of the slot 12 insulated from the heddle body I obviate the use of compound terminals on the harness, that is, two insulated terminals extended through one slot of a heddle, and I can use plain metal bars or rods for the upper and lower harness terminals, as herein shown and simplifying the construction.

In Fig. 2 the pitman G is indicated by dotted lines when the lay is at front and back center, and by full lines when the harnesses are all the way up or down. WVhen a harness is all the way down the controlling circuit is always interrupted or open between the harness terminals, due to the insulated sides of the upper slots of the heddles unless a 'heddle has been released by failure of its warp thread.

It may not be always convenient or desirable to use the controlling detectors as heddles, as previously described, and in Fig. 9 I have shown one arrangement for utilizing the detectors independently of the harnesses, as drop wires, so called. Referring to Fig. 9 the transverse terminals 1, 2 will. be sustained in stationary posit-ion back of the harnesses, above and below the warp,respectively, and extended through the'upper and lower slots 12, 13 of the detectors 11, the warp threads passing over warp rests W, "W, if desired and extending through the eyes lt of the detectors.

It will be seen that no change whatever is necessary in the construction of the detector, but the wire 19 of the controlling circuit would be attached to one terminal, as 1*, and lead thence to one pole of battery J, the wire 20 leading from the other pole to the loom side and by means of the shipper, knock-ofi' lever and other parts (as previously described,) to the movable member 22 of the circuit-closer. The fixed member 23 thereof is connected by wire 26 with the electromagnet K and thence wire 28 leads to the terminal 2, and it will be understood that the armature 42, fulcrumed at 11 andretracted by spring 48, will be operated by the lay precisely as has been described hereinbefo-re. The terminals 1 and 2 are stationary, and they are included permanently in the controlling circuit, but they are unconnected electrically as long as the warp threads are intact. Should a warp thread fail its detector drops, the facings 15 are no longer operative, for the terminal 1 contacts directly with the body of the detector 11 at the upper end of slot 12 while the contracted portion of slot 13 insures a certain, contact with the terminal 2*. Instantly the controlling circuit is completed through the detector, and tie stoppage of the loom is efiected as described.

So far as the modified arrangement of Fig. 9 is concerned it will be understood that the periodic control of the armature by the movement of the lay, the mechanism to effect release of the shipper by or through the lay, and the dog and hunter forming a part of such mechanism, will be arranged as heretofore described in detail. Such parts are not indicated in Fig. 9 as they are unnecessary to a proper understanding thereof.

Changes or modifications in details of con struction and arrangement may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as set forth in the claims annexed hereto.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: i

1. In a warp stop-motion for looms, harnesses each having a series of detector-heddles, a controlling-circuit having an electromagnet included therein, means to close said circuit by or through release of a heddle due to failure of its warp thread, an armature for said magnet, having an attached resilient )resser-linger, and means to retract said armature, combined with a lay and a laysword, a depressor, mounted on the laysword and moving therewith to periodically engage the presser-finger and thereby move the armature yieldingly against the magnet poles, and means to etl'ect loom stoppage, rendered operative when said magnet is energized and retains the armature in engagement therewith after disengagement of the depressor and said presser-finger.

2. In a warp stop-motion for looms, harnesses each having a series of detector-heddles, a controlling circuit having an electromagnet included therein, means to close said circuit by or through release of a heddle due to failure of its warp thread, and a springretracted armature for the magnet, combined with a lay and its lay-sword, a device on the latter to periodically cooperate with and move the armature against the magnet poles, and means to effect loom stoppage, including a dog operatively positioned when cnergization of the magnet retains the armature in engagement therewith, a normally quiescent, longitudinally movable t'ansmitter on which said dog is pivotally mounted, and a hunter fixed on the lay-sword, to cooperate with the operatively positioned dog and move it and the transmitter in unison to effect the operation of the loom stopping means.

3. I11 a warp stop-motion for looms, harnesses each having a series of detector-heddles, a controlling-circuit having an electromagnet included therein, means to close said circuit by or through release of a heddle due to failure of its warp thread, an armature for said magnet, and means to retract it, combined with a lay and lay-sword, a roll on the latter to cooperate with and move the armature against the poles of the magnot during a portion of each forward and backward beat of the lay, a shipper, and re leasing means therefor, including a normally quiescent, longitudinally movable transmitter and a member pivotally mounted thereon and operatively positioned by the armature when it is maintained in engagement with the magnet by cnergization thereof, and a hunter on the lay-sword adapted to cooperate with such member when operatively positioned and to effect longitudinal movement of said transmitter on the backward beat of the lay after disengagement of the armature and the roll on the laysword.

4. In a warp stop-motion for looms, a controlling circuit to set in operation the stopping mechanism, a series of harnesses each having a series of heddles, and means to close the circuit by or through a heddle upon failure of its warp thread when a harness is in a predetermined position, com bined with a lay, a pitman connected therewith, a circuit-terminal exterior to the harnesses, and means governed by the pitinan to retract said terminal and open the controlling-circuit as a harness begins to move away from its predetern'iined position.

5. In a warp stop-motion for looms, in combination, a controlling-circuit to set in operation a stepping mechanism, a series of metallic controlling detectors slotted near their upper and lower ends, terminals normally unconnected electrically extended through the slots of the detectors and adapted to be included intermittingly in the controlling-circuit, means to insulate the sides of the upper slots from the terminal extended therethrough, each detector being held, by its intact warp thread from electrical engagement with one of the terminals when said terminals are included in the controlling-circuit, failure of a warp thread causing its detector to engage both terminals electrically and to connect them through the detector, and oppositely located projections on the sides of the lower slot of each detector to insure contact with the sides of the adjacent terminal upon failure of the warp thread of the detector.

(i. In a loom having a harness provided with transverse and electrically unconnected terminals, a stop-motion controlling-circuit, and means external to the harness to include periodically the terminals thereof in said circuit, in combination, a series of metallic heddles slotted near their upper and lower ends to receive the harness terminals, and means to prevent electrical connection between the sides of one slot of each heddle and the adjacent terminal, the other slot of each heddle being reduced in width between its ends to engage the sides of the adjacent terminal when, by failure of its warp thread, a heddle is abnormally positioned to bring one end of the first-named slot thereof into engagement with its adjacent terminal, the terminals at such time being connected electrically through the detector, whereby the controlling-oircuit is caused to operate when the terminals are included therein.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN F. DUSTIN.

Witnesses ALBERT SCOTT, J onN WV. STEVENSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

